Journal of Horticultural Sciences

N. Pushpalatha ¹, M. Anjanappa ¹, V. Devappa ¹, M. Pitchaimuthu ²

Affiliations
1 College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences Campus, GKVK, Bengaluru-560 065, Karnataka, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru - 560 089, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Quantification of variability is the most essential pre-breeding tool in any crop improvement programme. The present investigation was carried out to assess variability existing in twenty four diverse cucumber genotypes. Results revealed high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation for yield per plant, fruit flesh thickness, number of fruits per plant, number of nodes per plant, number of branches per plant, average fruit weight, internode length and vine length. High heritability, coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean, was recorded for all the characters studied except days to first female-flower opening, days to 50% flowering and days to first-fruit harvest, indicating a scope for improvement through selection.

Keywords

Genetic Variability, Heritability, GCV, PCV, Cucumber.

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B. Varalakshmi ¹, M. Pitchaimuthu ¹, E. Sreenivas Rao ¹, K. S. Sanna Manjunath ¹, S. H. Swathi ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Vegetable Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru-560 089, IN

Abstract

The present investigation was made to determine variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation of fruit yield with 10 yield-contributing traits in ridge gourd. A wide variability was observed for days taken to first female flower appearance, fruit length, fruit number/plant, fruit weight and fruit yield/ha. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits studied, indicating environmental influence on the expression of these traits. However, high heritability (broad-sense), along with high genetic advance, was recorded in node number at which first female-flower appeared, number of branches, fruit length, number of fruits/plant and fruit weight, indicating presence of additive gene effects. Fruit yield/ha was significantly and positively associated with peduncle length, fruit length, number of fruits/plant (at the phenotypic level), fruit weight and fruit yield/plant. Fruit weight had the highest direct effect (0.847) on fruit yield/ha, followed by fruit yield/plant (0.793), fruit number (0.344), peduncle length (0.237) and number of branches (0.216). Therefore, for yield improvement in ridge gourd, emphasis may be laid on indirect selection using fruit parameters like fruit weight, number of fruits/plant and fruit yield/plant.

Keywords

Ridge Gourd, Luffa acutangula (Roxb) L., Genetic Variability, Heritability, Correlation Path Analysis.

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M. Pitchaimuthu ¹, O. P. Dutta ¹, K. R. M. Swamy ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560 089, IN

Abstract

Inheritance of geneic male sterility in GMS line MS-1 of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.] was studied using F₁, F₂ and test-cross generations of crosses between GMS line MS-1 and normal fertile genotypes, and the varieties Arka Anamika, Parbhani Kranti, Arka Abhay, IIHR-108-1-31, IIHR-109-20-6, IIHR-116-23-6, IIHR- 180-6-3, IIHR-161-10-1 and IIHR-130-2-10. All the F₁ were found fertile. Segregation of pollen fertility in F₂ and test - cross generations involving ms1 was segregated in the ratio 1 fertile: 1 sterile, respectively. This indicated that GMS trait in the line is controlled by a single recessive gene (ms1ms1). Large-scale F₁ hybrid seed production in okra becomes rather slow due to the tedious hand-emasculation, followed by hand-pollination, incurring additional labour and cost of F₁ seed production. In comparison to fertile lines, this saves approximately 70% time and manual labour. Use of Geneic Male Sterile (GMS) line MS-1 can make F₁ hybrid seed production in okra easy and more economical compared to hand-emasculation.

Keywords

Abelmoschus esculentus, Geneic Male Sterility (GMS), Back Cross, Generations, Recessive Allele.

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R. Venugopalan ¹, M. Pitchaimuthu ²

Affiliations
1 Section of Economics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessearghatta Lake PO, Bangalore-560 089, IN
2 Division of Vegetable Crops, IIHR, Banglaore-560 089, IN

Abstract

Fourteen promising F₁ hybrids of watermelon namely IIHR-188 X IIHR-118, IIHR 114 X IIHR 118 , IIHR 119 X IIHR- 20-1, Arka Manik X IIHR 46, IIHR 43 X IIHR 46, Arka Manik X IIHR-188, Arka Jyothi, NS-295, Kushboo, Madhubala, Apoorva, CWH-7 and Riya were evaluated in experimental plots of Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore during 2002-04. Information about biometrical characters such as fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), days to first male flower opening&female flower opening, rind thickness(cm) and TSS (%) along with yield (t ha^-1), were used to develop stability models to identify stable hybrid(s) for a wide range for cultivation. Stability models thus developed indicated that two hybrids, viz., Arka Jyothi (with yield potential of 75.91 t ha^-1) across the years and NS-295 (64.25 t ha^-1) were stable for a wide range for cultivation. Statistical measures of stability, viz., regression coefficient, deviation from regression co-efficient and ecovalence measures, were worked out and utilized for grouping of hybrids into different categories based on their cumulative performance over the years.

Keywords

Ecovalence Measure, GE Interaction, Stability Models, Watermelon.

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M. Pitchaimuthu ¹, O. P. Dutta ¹, V. S. R. K. Krishna Prasad ², K. R. M. Swamy ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Banaglore-560 089, IN
2 National Research Centre for Onion and Garlic, Rajgurunagar, Pune, IN

Abstract

Transgressive segregation in the population of IIHR-31-1-2 x Arka Anamika BC3 F1-F6 generations led to the development of, various novel characters such as, ridgeless fruits (round fruit) and enhanced nodal productivity bearing short internodal length in okra selection-1, which was found to be promising for cultivation with high yield and good fruit quality. It can be grown both during Kharif and summer seasons. Okra selection-1 was also found to exhibit smooth fruits, high yield potential with sturdy plant habit and field tolerance to fusarium wilt and YVMV. Due to rapid rate of increase of processing in okra by freezing and canning, Okra selection I may be an ideal fruit type for freezing because of its short, smooth, dark green and round or multifaceted fruits with low mucilage content.

Keywords

Novel Character, Ridgeless, Introgression, Processing.

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